In , prior to the split in the PKP, the party had endorsed Marcos for president. One week after the election, Marcos told the Washington Post that he planned to send troops. Other sections of the party secretly assisted the military in conducting its bombings throughout Manila. When martial law was imposed, the party moved within days to support the dictatorship.
The PKP shot around seventy of its own members in early , then staged a congress, which endorsed martial law on the grounds that it was assisting the rapid achievement of national industrialization. All members of the party were obligated to declare agreement with this statement in order to maintain their membership.
The party officially endorsed the president at a public press conference in , and its leading members took up positions in the ministries of labor and foreign affairs. Others were given commissions in military intelligence to assist with the suppression of the CPP. They campaigned for the Liberal Party slate in the election. The entire mass movement of the time, driven into the streets by the skyrocketing cost of living and the threat of martial law, was diverted behind these rival aspirants for dictatorship.
When Marcos imposed martial law, the elite opposition acquiesced, and the movement, which had been subordinated to their leadership, died. Sison and the CPP have attacked Dr. They have not responded to a single substantive point raised in Dr. They cannot. Every damning word of it is true. Rodrigo Duterte, a fascistic thug at the helm of the state, is consciously drawing on the playbook of Ferdinand Marcos.
His moves toward the imposition of dictatorship are far advanced. Alex Brillantes Jr. These were the men more deeply involved in the planning of martial law.
Their superiors in turn were not anxious to ask questions, lest they be thought of as being disloyal. And neither group was anxious to leak the plan to the outside world, lest they be traced as the source.
By September 14, they were all ready to turn their plans into specific missions. Marcos remained mum on when exactly he would start exercising his dictatorial powers but with daily meetings starting that day, they all knew it would be soon.
Marcos said he would not hesitate at all in doing so if the terrorists stepped up their activities further, and to a new stage. He said that if a part of Manila were burned, a top official of his Government, or foreign ambassador, assassinated or kidnapped, then he would act very promptly. He said that he questioned Communist capability to move things to such a stage just now. Witness accounts later tended to support the view that it was a contrived move.
In fact, when I was fired upon I just came from headquarters. I had transmitted to them the orders of the President declaring martial law. I was on my way home; martial law was already ongoing at this time, the operations were already on.
Marcos simply used that to dramatize this, but that was not really necessary. Because he already decided to declare martial law long before that, because of what was happening in the country. Excerpt from the diary of Ferdinand E. Marcos on September 22, From the Philippine Diary Project. Photo downloaded from Official Gazette.
This was just two days after Marcos claimed in his diary on September 18 that they had finalized the plans for the proclamation of martial law , and that, after a four-hour meeting ending at 10 p. That an event that happened on September 18 made its way to a key legal document on martial law was proof that Marcos and his Rolex 12 would take advantage of any new developments to justify their move.
The bombing at around p. On the evening of September 20 and the day after, Byroade met with Marcos. He did admit, however, that planning for martial law was at an advanced state. It was for that reason that he had not acted on the declaration of martial law.
President Marcos wanted Congress to adjourn first before he would proclaim martial law in the country. He wanted to avoid any resistance from Congress once he declared martial law in the country. Victor Potenciano, lived there, in Fordham, the next street in the Potenciano home and got the story straight from him, as officially scripted.
When Marcos appeared on television at p. This helped camouflage the true nature of his act to this day: it was nothing less than a self-coup. Marcos announced that he had placed the entire country under Martial Law as of 9 p. Yet accounts differ. Mijares also mentioned in his book that Marcos said as much in an address to a conference of historians, in January Thus, September 21, became the official date that Martial Law was established and the day that the Marcos dictatorship began.
This also allowed Marcos to control history on his own terms. The second is that the arbitrary date emphasizes that the actual date for Martial Law was not the numerologically-auspicious for Marcos 21st, but rather, the moment that Martial Law was put into full effect, which was after the nationwide address of Ferdinand Marcos as far as the nation was concerned: September 23, By then, personalities considered threats to Marcos Senators Benigno S.
In the meantime, the military had shut down mass media, flights were canceled, and incoming overseas calls were prohibited. Press Secretary Francisco Tatad went on air at 3 p. The reading of the proclamation was followed by Marcos going on air at p. Marcos would subsequently issue General Order No. The Daily Express itself announced in its September 24 issue that Marcos had proclaimed martial law the day before, September 23, After the declaration and imposition of Martial Law, citizens would still go on to challenge the constitutionality of Proclamation No.
Those arrested filed petitions for habeas corpus with the Supreme Court. But Marcos, who had originally announced that Martial Law would not supersede the Constitution, engineered the replacement of the constitution with a new one. On March 31, , the Supreme Court issued its final decision in Javellana v. Executive Secretary , which essentially validated the Constitution. This would be the final legitimizing decision with on the constitutionality of Martial Law: in G.
L September 17, , the Supreme Court dismissed petitions for habeas corpus by ruling that Martial Law was a political question beyond the jurisdiction of the court; and that, furthermore, the court had already deemed the Constitution in full force and effect, replacing the Constitution.
Martial Law would officially end on January 17, with Proclamation No. There are those who hail the discipline and supposed order of the New Society, as Marcos called it, and considered that period as among the "best years" of the Philippines. Among the myths: that the Philippines enjoyed a golden age under the Marcoses. Various reports and historical accounts debunk this; while it is true that infrastracture spending increased during that period, it came at a staggering cost: plunging the Philippines in billions of dollars in debt.
Look at the data. The Presidential Commission on Good Government, the body going after the Marcoses' ill-gotten wealth, is still recovering this money; over the past 30 years, at least P billion have been recovered. Aside from the billions in illegally amassed wealth, human rights abuses were rampant during those days.
About 70, people were imprisoned and 34, tortured, according to Amnesty International, while 3, were killed from to During this dark chapter of Philippine history, thousands of people were subject to various forms of torture.
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