The history of botany goes as far as to 4th century B. At present, various sub-fields of botany have already emerged. These include the following: plant pathology, plant ecology, paleobotany, and forensic botany. Botanists often describe plants more inclusively with multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that do not have sensory organs and have, when complete, root, stem, and leaves.
E: Both Aristotle and Theophrastus got involved in identifying plants and describing them. Although Aristotle also wrote about plants, he received more recognition for his studies of animals. This work described a thousand medicines, majority of which came from plants.
For years, it remained the guidebook on medicines in the Western world until the invention of the compound microscope. Early 17 th century: For a brief period, the search for knowledge in the field of Botany temporarily became stagnant.
However, the revival of learning during the European Renaissance renewed interest in plants. After five years, he found that the tree weighed pounds about 77 kg , while the soil had lost only 2 ounces 57 grams.
Because of this, Robert Hooke had the chance to take a close look of a cell looks like. His description of these cells was published in Micrographia. However, the cells seen by Hooke showed no signs of the nucleus and other organelles found in most living cells Rhoads Before his discovery, the existence of single-celled organisms were unknown and initially were met with skepticism. This became an important step towards modern taxonomy Arber He published his experiments dealing with the nutrition and respiration of plants in his publication entitled Vegetable Staticks.
He developed techniques to measure area, mass, volume, temperature, pressure, and even gravity in plants. His classification is based on the fact that species was the smallest unit and each species taxon is under a higher category Farabee However, the focus of their study was on the healing properties of plants rather than plant reproduction. The prize resulting from the period of exploration was accumulated in gardens and herbaria. And the task of systematically cataloging them was left to the taxonomists.
Later part of the eighteenth century: Joseph Priestley laid the foundation for the chemical analysis of plant metabolism. He was concerned about the many species of unidentified and unknown plants of the wilderness. He commissioned his students and staff to collect specimens and conduct experiments as they worked, which helped to determine which plants could be put to various uses.
The Enquiry into Plants was originally ten books, of which nine survive. The work is arranged into a system whereby plants are classified according to their modes of generation, their localities, their sizes, and according to their practical uses such as foods, juices, herbs, etc.
On the Causes of Plants was originally eight books, of which six survive. It concerns the growth of plants; the influences on their fecundity; the proper times they should be sown and reaped; the methods of preparing the soil, manuring it, and the use of tools; of the smells, tastes, and properties of many types of plants. The work deals mainly with the economical uses of plants rather than their medicinal uses, although the latter are sometimes mentioned. Theophrastus presided over the Peripatetic school for thirty-six years, during which time the school flourished greatly.
He is often considered the father of botany for his works on plants. After his death, the Athenians honoured him with a public funeral.
His successor as head of the school was Strato of Lampsacus. Branches of Botany Agricultural Science. It is the branch of botany that deals with the study of those plants that are of economic importance and their production. Aristotle is the father of zoology ….
In the first half of the 18th century botany was beginning to move beyond descriptive science into experimental science. Although the microscope was invented in it was only in the late 17th century that lens grinding by Antony van Leeuwenhoek provided the resolution needed to make major discoveries. Botanists salary varies depending on the field one chooses, the level of education and experience, the responsibilities of the position, and the geographical location. Teachers, researchers can expect a starting salary of Rs 12, to Rs 18, per month.
In Govt. Study of this bianch started in , when Marcello Malpighi and Nehemiah Grew independently studied the anatomy of vegetable plants. Nehemiah Grew is known as ' Father of plant anatomy '. Chaudhary is known as ' Father of Indian plant anatomy. Botany is the scientific study of plants. It includes the study of their structure, how they grow, how they can be effectively classified, the things that impact their development, etc.
Botany is a branch of biology, which is the study of all living organisms. Humboldt State University.
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